Sử dụng các cấu trúc so sánh đúng theo từng loại so sánh có thể không dễ dàng nếu bạn không thường xuyên sử dụng chúng trong các tình huống giao tiếp thông thường. Trong bài thi IELTS Speaking sử dụng các cấu trúc so sánh một cách chính xác là cách bạn ghi điểm trong mắt giám khảo.
I.Các dạng câu hỏi về so sánh thường gặp trong IELTS Speaking:
- Compare and contrast two things ( so sánh về đồ vật )
What are the differences between letters and emails?
What are the differences between a house or an apartment?
- Compare and contrast two places ( so sánh về địa điểm )
What are the differences between living in the city and the countryside?
What are the differences between the south and the north in your country?
- Compare and contrast two periods of time ( so sánh về thời gian)
How are the houses today different from the ones in the past?
What changes have you seen in the past few years in your town?
- Compare and contrast two groups of people ( so sánh giữa hai nhóm người)
Do men and women have the same attitudes to shopping?
Do young people and old people like listening to the same kind of radio programs?
II. Các bước trả lời dạng câu hỏi so sánh:
Step 1: Bắt đầu với một câu mở đầu:
+ Đối với dạng câu hỏi trực tiếp hỏi sự khác biệt ” what are differences….”
- There are quite a few/some/a lot of/a number of differences between …and….
- There are a number of underlying differences here.
- There are a variety of possible differences here.
- There are a range of potential distinctions here.
+ Đối với dạng câu hỏi ” yes/no”.
Yes/No, I believe that they have a lot of similarities/differences.
Step 2: Điều cần so sánh đầu tiên là:
- However, I guess that the most significant would be that…
- Though I suppose that the most obvious would be that…
- But I would say the most fundamental would be that…
Step 3: Cấu trúc so sánh đầu tiên:
- Whereas on the other hand…
- On the contrary/ In contrast…
- Though quite the opposite…
Step 4: Điều khác biệt tiếp theo:
- In addition…
- On top of this…
- Additionally…
- Moreover…
- As well as this…
- After that…
Nếu chưa nắm vững kiến thức về cấu trúc so sánh, tham khảo tại đây:
Example:
“Do men and women have the same hobbies?”
→ “Well obviously there are a number of clear differences. However, I guess that the most significant would be that men tend to prefer sporting activities such as football or basketball. Whereas in contrast, women prefer things like shopping for clothes. In addition to this, another possible distinction might be that men usually like watching films: while on the other hand, women are more likely to prefer watching soap operas on TV.”
Note: Trong lúc mở rộng câu hỏi, ta có thể sử dụng so sánh bằng “ as….as” hoặc so sánh hơn “ more…than”…..
Examples:
- An apartment building usually has more public amenities than a house such as gyms and conference facilities.
- Sending letters is not as convenient as sending emails.
Ngoài ra, so sánh còn là một phương pháp cực kỳ hữu ích khi “tắt ý” trong Speaking.
III, Cách phát triển ý trong IELTS Speaking bằng cách nói so sánh
1.Compare yourself with others:
Chúng ta có thể đệm thêm một số câu tỏ ý so sánh bản thân với người khác, ví dụ:
- I guess this is quite peculiar (lạ lùng)/ I know it may sound bizarre.
- …. which I guess is the norm (bình thường) in….
- There is a common misconception that…: Có một sự hiểu lầm thường thấy là…
Áp dụng cụ thể:
- Do you usually do chores?
I don’t really do housework. I guess that is a norm in VN where most young students don’t have to do housework.
- Do you often wear hat?
This is a very weird question. In Vn I only wear helmet when I am driving and I guess it is a norm in this country, a lot of people also wear helmets.
I am a big fan of video games and there is a common misconception that playing video games is absolutely bad for you but I think that….
2.Compare something with others:
- This is not the case with…
Eg: This park is very quiet, this is not the case with other parks in Hanoi nowadays.
Football is the most popular sport in my country. Baseball is a completely different story.
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